CLAT 2025 Memory-Based Analysis - Section-wise

Welcome to the comprehensive memory-based analysis of CLAT 2025 examination conducted on December 1, 2024. This detailed analysis covers question patterns, difficulty levels, topic distribution, and expert insights to help future aspirants understand the exam trends and prepare effectively.

📊 CLAT 2025 Exam Overview

Basic Information

• Exam Date; December 1, 2024
• Exam Duration: 2 hours (120 minutes)
• Total Questions: 120 Multiple Choice Questions
• Maximum Marks: 120 marks
• Negative Marking: 0.25 marks for each wrong answer
• Difficulty Level; Moderate to Difficult

Overall Analysis

• English Language; Moderate difficulty, passage-heavy
• Current Affairs; Difficult, focus on recent legal developments
• Legal Reasoning; Moderate, conceptual clarity required
• Logical Reasoning; Moderate to Difficult, analytical questions
• Quantitative Techniques; Easy to Moderate, calculation-based

📚 Section-wise Detailed Analysis

1. English Language (22-26 Questions)

Question Pattern

• Reading Comprehension: 4 passages of 450 words each
• Passage Topics:

1. Environmental Law and Climate Change
2. Technology and Privacy Laws
3. Criminal Justice Reform
4. International Trade Relations

Difficulty Level; Moderate

Question Types

Passage 1; Environmental Law and Climate Change

• Main Idea; Global environmental concerns and legal frameworks
• Questions: 5-6 questions
• Difficulty; Moderate
• Sample Questions:
• Q1; What is the primary concern expressed in the passage regarding climate legislation?
• Q2; According to the passage, which international agreement is most effective?
• Q3; The author suggests that corporate responsibility in environmental protection is:
• Q4; Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?

Passage 2; Technology and Privacy Laws

• Main Idea; Digital privacy concerns and regulatory approaches
• Questions: 5-6 questions
• Difficulty; Moderate to Difficult
• Sample Questions:
• Q1; What is the central argument about data protection laws?
• Q2; The passage suggests that technology companies should:
• Q3; Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a privacy concern?
• Q4; The author’s attitude towards current privacy regulations is:

Passage 3; Criminal Justice Reform

• Main Idea; Need for criminal justice system reforms
• Questions: 5-6 questions
• Difficulty; Moderate
• Sample Questions:
• Q1; According to the passage, what is the main obstacle to criminal justice reform?
• Q2; The author believes that restorative justice is:
• Q3; Which reform measure is most emphasized in the passage?
• Q4; The passage suggests that traditional punitive approaches are:

Passage 4; International Trade Relations

• Main Idea; Global trade agreements and their legal implications
• Questions: 5-6 questions
• Difficulty; Moderate to Difficult
• Sample Questions:
• Q1; What is the primary concern about current trade agreements?
• Q2; The passage suggests that trade disputes should be resolved through:
• Q3; Which economic principle is most relevant to the passage?
• Q4; The author’s view on protectionist measures is:

Vocabulary Questions

• Context-based: 4-5 questions
• Difficulty; Easy to Moderate
• Focus; Word meanings in context
• Sample: “The word ‘ubiquitous’ in the passage most nearly means:”

Grammar Questions

• Error Detection: 2-3 questions
• Sentence Improvement: 2-3 questions
• Difficulty; Easy
• Focus; Grammar rules and sentence structure

2. Current Affairs, Including General Knowledge (28-32 Questions)

Question Pattern

• Static GK: 10-12 questions
• Current Affairs: 16-20 questions
• Legal Current Affairs: 4-6 questions

Difficulty Level; Difficult

Topic Distribution

Static GK Questions

1. Indian Polity: 3-4 questions

• Q1; Who is the current Chief Justice of India?
• Q2; Which article deals with Right to Education?
• Q3; The term of Lok Sabha is:
• Q4; Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner?

2. Indian History: 2-3 questions

• Q1; The Indian National Congress was founded in:
• Q2; Who was the first Governor-General of independent India?
• Q3; The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in:

3. Geography: 2-3 questions

• Q1; Which is the longest river in India?
• Q2; The Tropic of Cancer passes through how many Indian states?
• Q3; Which is the largest state in India by area?

4. Science and Technology: 2-3 questions

• Q1; Who discovered penicillin?
• Q2; The chemical formula of water is:
• Q3; Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

Current Affairs Questions

National Issues: 8-10 questions

• Q1; The 2024 General Elections were conducted in how many phases?
• Q2; Who is the current Union Finance Minister of India?
• Q3; The new education policy was implemented in which year?
• Q4; Which scheme was launched for financial inclusion?
• Q5; The GST was introduced in which year?
• Q6; Who is the current RBI Governor?
• Q7; The Make in India initiative was launched in:
• Q8; Which Indian state recently got its first high-speed rail?

International Issues: 5-6 questions

• Q1; Who is the current UN Secretary-General?
• Q2; The G20 Summit 2024 was held in:
• Q3; Which country recently joined the European Union?
• Q4; The COP29 conference was held in:
• Q5; Who is the current President of the United States?

Legal Current Affairs: 4-6 questions

• Q1; The Supreme Court recently delivered judgment on:
• Q2; Which new law was passed recently for digital privacy?
• Q3; The Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill deals with:
• Q4; The new bankruptcy code was implemented in:
• Q5; Which constitutional amendment deals with GST?

Sports and Awards: 3-4 questions

• Q1; Who won the Cricket World Cup 2023?
• Q2; The Olympic Games 2024 will be held in:
• Q3; Who received the Bharat Ratna in 2024?
• Q4; The Dronacharya Award is given for excellence in:

3. Legal Reasoning (28-32 Questions)

Question Pattern

• Passage-based: 4-5 passages
• Principle-based: 8-10 questions
• Case-based: 10-12 questions
• Conceptual: 4-6 questions

Difficulty Level; Moderate

Topic Distribution

Constitutional Law: 8-10 questions

• Fundamental Rights: 3-4 questions
• Directive Principles: 2-3 questions
• Emergency Provisions: 2-3 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Fundamental Rights:

• Q1; Which fundamental right cannot be suspended during emergency?
• Q2; The Right to Education is a fundamental right under:
• Q3; Article 21 deals with:
• Q4; Which case established the basic structure doctrine?

2. Directive Principles:

• Q1; Directive Principles are:
• Q2; Which directive principle relates to free legal aid?
• Q3; The difference between fundamental rights and directive principles is:

Contract Law: 6-8 questions

• Essentials of Contract: 3-4 questions
• Breach of Contract: 2-3 questions
• Specific Performance: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Essentials of Contract:

• Q1; Which of the following is not an essential element of a valid contract?
• Q2; Consideration must be:
• Q3; A minor’s contract is:
• Q4; Free consent means:

2. Breach of Contract:

• Q1; Damages for breach of contract are:
• Q2; Specific performance is granted when:
• Q3; The doctrine of frustration applies when:

Tort Law: 4-6 questions

• Negligence: 2-3 questions
• Defamation: 1-2 questions
• Trespass: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Negligence:

• Q1; The elements of negligence are:
• Q2; The test of reasonable man was established in:
• Q3; Contributory negligence means:

2. Defamation:

• Q1; Defamation is:
• Q2; Truth is a defense in defamation cases under:
• Q3; The difference between libel and slander is:

Criminal Law: 5-7 questions

• General Principles: 3-4 questions
• Specific Offenses: 2-3 questions

Sample Questions:

1. General Principles:

• Q1; The principle of ‘innocent until proven guilty’ is:
• Q2; Mens rea means:
• Q3; The difference between culpable homicide and murder is:
• Q4; The right to private defense is available under:

2. Specific Offenses:

• Q1; Theft is defined under:
• Q2; The punishment for murder under IPC is:
• Q3; Kidnapping differs from abduction in:

Property Law: 3-4 questions

• Transfer of Property: 2-3 questions
• Ownership: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Transfer of Property:

• Q1; A sale of immovable property must be:
• Q2; The difference between sale and mortgage is:
• Q3; Registration of documents is mandatory for:

4. Logical Reasoning (22-26 Questions)

Question Pattern

• Critical Reasoning: 8-10 questions
• Analytical Reasoning: 8-10 questions
• Logical Puzzles: 4-6 questions

Difficulty Level; Moderate to Difficult

Topic Distribution

Critical Reasoning: 8-10 questions

• Arguments: 3-4 questions
• Assumptions: 2-3 questions
• Inferences: 2-3 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Arguments:

• Q1; Which of the following is a strong argument?
• Q2; The argument that “all lawyers are wealthy” is:
• Q3; The conclusion drawn in the argument is:
• Q4; Which assumption is necessary for the argument to be valid?

2. Assumptions:

• Q1; The underlying assumption in the statement is:
• Q2; Which of the following is an unstated assumption?
• Q3; The argument assumes that:

Analytical Reasoning: 8-10 questions

• Syllogisms: 3-4 questions
• Logical Connectives: 2-3 questions
• Data Sufficiency: 2-3 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Syllogisms:

• Q1; All lawyers are educated. Some educated people are rich. Conclusion:
• Q2; No criminals are honest. Some honest people are lawyers. Conclusion:
• Q3; All judges are fair. Some fair people are not lawyers. Conclusion:
• Q4; Some contracts are void. All void agreements are illegal. Conclusion:

2. Logical Connectives:

• Q1; If it rains, then the match will be cancelled. It is raining. Conclusion:
• Q2; Either the suspect is guilty or innocent. The suspect is not innocent. Conclusion:
• Q3; All students who study hard will pass. Some students passed. Conclusion:

Logical Puzzles: 4-6 questions

• Seating Arrangement: 2-3 questions
• Blood Relations: 1-2 questions
• Number Series: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Seating Arrangement:

• Q1; Six people are sitting in a row. A is to the right of B. C is to the left of D. E is between A and C. Who is at the extreme right?
• Q2; Five friends are sitting around a circular table. A is opposite B. C is to the immediate left of A. Who is to the immediate right of B?

2. Blood Relations:

• Q1; Pointing to a man, a woman said, “He is the brother of my mother’s son.” How is the man related to the woman?
• Q2; If A is the brother of B, B is the sister of C, and C is the mother of D, how is A related to D?

5. Quantitative Techniques (10-14 Questions)

Question Pattern

• Arithmetic: 4-5 questions
• Algebra: 2-3 questions
• Geometry: 2-3 questions
• Data Interpretation: 2-3 questions

Difficulty Level; Easy to Moderate

Topic Distribution

Arithmetic: 4-5 questions

• Percentages: 1-2 questions
• Profit and Loss: 1-2 questions
• Simple Interest: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Percentages:

• Q1; If the price of a book increases by 20%, the new price is:
• Q2; A student scored 75% marks. If total marks are 800, his score is:

2. Profit and Loss:

• Q1; A shopkeeper buys an article for ₹500 and sells it for ₹600. His profit percent is:
• Q2; If selling price is ₹900 and profit is 20%, the cost price is:

3. Simple Interest:

• Q1; The simple interest on ₹5000 at 10% per annum for 2 years is:
• Q2; If the amount after 3 years at 8% simple interest is ₹12,400, the principal is:

Algebra: 2-3 questions

• Linear Equations: 1-2 questions
• Quadratic Equations: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Linear Equations:

• Q1; If 2x + 3 = 7, then x =?
• Q2; The sum of two numbers is 30 and their difference is 10. The numbers are:

2. Quadratic Equations:

• Q1; The roots of x² - 5x + 6 = 0 are:
• Q2; If x² - 8x + 16 = 0, then x =?

Geometry: 2-3 questions

• Area and Perimeter: 1-2 questions
• Volume: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Area and Perimeter:

• Q1; The area of a square with side 10 cm is:
• Q2; The perimeter of a rectangle with length 15 cm and breadth 10 cm is:

2. Volume:

• Q1; The volume of a cube with edge 5 cm is:
• Q2; The surface area of a sphere with radius 7 cm is:

Data Interpretation: 2-3 questions

• Bar Graph: 1-2 questions
• Pie Chart: 1-2 questions

Sample Questions:

1. Bar Graph:

• Q1; According to the bar graph showing sales of different products, which product had the highest sales?
• Q2; The total sales of all products combined is:

2. Pie Chart:

• Q1; If the pie chart shows distribution of expenses, what percentage is spent on rent?
• Q2; If total expenditure is ₹50,000, how much is spent on food?

🎯 Difficulty Analysis

Section-wise Difficulty Ratings

Overall Analysis

• Easy Questions: 30-35 questions
• Moderate Questions: 60-70 questions
• Difficult Questions: 20-30 questions

Expected Score Ranges

• Excellent: 95 + marks
• Good: 80-94 marks
• Average: 65-79 marks
• Below Average; Below 65 marks

📈 Expert Analysis and Recommendations

Key Observations

1. Increased Focus on Current Affairs; More questions from recent legal developments
2. Conceptual Clarity Required; Questions tested understanding rather than rote learning
3. Application-based Questions; Many questions required application of legal principles
4. Time Management; Critical due to passage-heavy questions

Preparation Strategy for Future Aspirants

1. Current Affairs; Regular reading of legal news and developments
2. Conceptual Understanding; Focus on understanding legal principles
3. Practice; Regular mock tests and previous year papers
4. Time Management; Practice with time constraints

Subject-wise Focus Areas

English Language

• Reading comprehension practice
• Vocabulary building
• Grammar rules
• Time management for passages

Current Affairs

• Legal current affairs
• Government schemes and policies
• International developments
• Static GK revision

Legal Reasoning

• Constitutional law
• Contract law principles
• Tort law concepts
• Criminal law provisions

Logical Reasoning

• Critical reasoning
• Syllogisms
• Logical puzzles
• Analytical reasoning

Quantitative Techniques

• Basic arithmetic
• Simple algebra
• Geometry basics
• Data interpretation

🎯 Key Takeaway; CLAT 2025 was moderately difficult with emphasis on current affairs and conceptual understanding. Regular practice and staying updated with current legal developments are crucial for success.

📝 Pro Tip; Focus on understanding concepts rather than memorizing facts. Practice time management regularly to handle the passage-heavy questions effectively.

*Last Updated; December 2024 | Next Review; January 2025 *